Endogenous neurohormone synthesized from serotonin in the pineal gland, regulating circadian rhythm and photoperiod-dependent reproductive cycling. Binds MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors. Has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-anxiety properties.
At a glance
Class
Pineal Hormone / Nutraceutical
Storage
Store at room temperature, protect from light and moisture
Dosing
Used for alopecia X (growth hormone-responsive alopecia), seasonal flank alopeci
Frequency
q8–12h or as needed
Used for psychogenic alopecia, anxiety, and feline cognitive dysfunction
Safety
Hair regrowth at 3–4 months (alopecia)Anxiety scoresSleep quality (CDS)
Interactions
No documented interactions.
FAQs
Frequently asked questions
›What is Melatonin?
Melatonin is a pineal hormone / nutraceutical used in pets. Endogenous neurohormone synthesized from serotonin in the pineal gland, regulating circadian rhythm and photoperiod-dependent reproductive cycling. Binds MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors. Has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-anxiety properties.
›What is Melatonin used for in pets?
Melatonin is used in veterinary medicine for: Used for alopecia X (growth hormone-responsive alopecia), seasonal flank alopeci; Used for psychogenic alopecia, anxiety, and feline cognitive dysfunction.
›What is the Melatonin dose for dogs?
For dogs, Melatonin is typically dosed as follows — Used for alopecia X (growth hormone-responsive alopecia), seasonal flank alopeci: 3–12 mg PO q8–12h or as needed. Always consult your veterinarian for a dose tailored to your pet's weight, age, and condition.
›What is the Melatonin dose for cats?
For cats, Melatonin is typically dosed as follows — Used for psychogenic alopecia, anxiety, and feline cognitive dysfunction: 1.5–6 mg/cat PO q12–24h. Always consult your veterinarian for a dose tailored to your pet's weight, age, and condition.
›Does Melatonin need a prescription?
Melatonin is available over the counter. Even so, you should consult your veterinarian before giving any medication to your pet.
References
References
Textbooks & handbooks
- Plumb, D.C. Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook. 10th ed., Wiley-Blackwell, 2023.
- Vail, D.M., Thamm, D.H., & Liptak, J.M. (eds.). Withrow & MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology. 6th ed., Saunders/Elsevier, 2020.
- Riviere, J.E., & Papich, M.G. (eds.). Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 10th ed., Wiley-Blackwell, 2018.
- National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats. National Academies Press, Washington DC, 2006.
- The Merck Veterinary Manual. Merck & Co., Online edition. https://www.merckvetmanual.com/
Clinical guidelines & consensus
- Fletcher, D.J., Boller, M., Brainard, B.M., et al. "RECOVER Evidence and Knowledge Gap Analysis on Veterinary CPR." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, 2012;22(S1):S102–S131.
- American Animal Hospital Association. 2018 AAHA Diabetes Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats. AAHA Press.
Journals & peer-reviewed studies
- Hogan, D.F., Fox, P.R., Jacob, K., et al. "Secondary prevention of cardiogenic arterial thromboembolism in the cat: The FAT CAT study." Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, 2015;17(Suppl 1):S306–S317.
- Boswood, A., Häggström, J., Gordon, S.G., et al. "Effect of Pimobendan in Dogs with Preclinical Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease and Cardiomegaly: The EPIC Study — A Randomized Clinical Trial." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2016;30(6):1765–1779.
- ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center. Toxicology and Poison Management Guidelines. American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control
Regulatory & approvals
- Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO), Government of India. Veterinary Drug Approval Registry, 1969–2026. Directorate General of Health Services. https://cdsco.gov.in/
Databases
- Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory (VCPL) — MDR1 Multidrug Sensitivity Database. https://vcpl.vetmed.wsu.edu/
Educational reference only
This information is provided for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified veterinarian before administering any medication to your pet.
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